Adaptive Protection for Active Distribution Networks: An Approach Based on Fuses and Relays with Multiple Setting Groups

Protection schemes are essential in active distribution networks and microgrids’ reliable, efficient, flexible operation. However, the protection of these presents significant challenges due to operational changes, such as variations topology, distributed energy resources connection/disconnection, microgrid operating modes, among others. This paper proposes an adaptive scheme based on overcurrent devices with several setting groups artificial intelligence algorithms. The developed strategy is composed two stages. In off-line stage, a clustering technique employed group network scenarios exhibiting similarities. optimal settings for determined each set scenarios. On other hand, on-line strategy’s implementation operation, considering network’s existing communication system, defined. Furthermore, approach formulates relay coordination mixed-integer non-linear optimization problem, result, obtained. It aims minimize time, transformers’ thermal limits, fuse curves, settings. solution by using Augmented Lagrangian genetic algorithm. presented validated modified IEEE 34 node test feeder, main networks, topology resource modes (on-grid off-grid). results obtained its easy indicates high potential real-life applications.